The New York State Department of Health Board for Professional Medical Conduct is charged with the responsibility of investigating and prosecuting claims of medical malpractice against physicians, who are also licensed by the state. Distinct from a medical malpractice lawsuit, these proceedings can result in professional sanctions against a doctor for his or her actions. In addition to censure and reprimand, the Board can issue fines, order education or retraining as well as community service. It can also order revocation or surrender of the physician’s license. While the Board serves an important function, one cause for concern is that its determinations often come too long after the conduct that formed the basis for the original complaint.